Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 42, Issue 3, Pages 391-399Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.09.003
Keywords
SOX; Partner transcription factors; Cooperative DNA binding; Activation domain; Transactivation
Categories
Funding
- MEXT Japan [17107005, 20051014, 20017019]
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Transcriptional regulatory functions of SOX proteins generally require the cooperation of partner factors that bind DNA in the vicinity of the SOX site. Each SOX-partner pair selects a specific group of regulatory target genes, with resultant gene expression patterns characterizing a particular cell differentiation state. Specific examples include the SOX2-OCT3/4 pairing in ES cells and the SOX2-PAX6 pairing in visual system primordia. When a component of a SOX-partner pair is exchanged with another factor, an overt transition of gene expression occurs in a cell, leading to the progression of developmental processes. When a SOX-partner protein pair activates its own genes, the global cell/tissue state is stabilized. Two major molecular mechanisms underlie SOX-partner factor interactions: (1) cooperative DNA binding; and (2) protein interactions dependent upon DNA binding which elicit a large transactivation potential. In vivo evidence for and molecular mechanisms of the cell specification code attributed to the SOX-partner factor complexes are reviewed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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