Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 41, Issue 4, Pages 717-720Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.04.005
Keywords
Transketolase; Thiamine deficiency; Alcohol-related brain, Damage; Wernicke-Korsakoffs' Syndrome; Neuropathology
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Thiamin, or vitamin B1, is crucial for brain function. In its active form, thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP), it is a co-enzyme for several enzymes, including transketolase. Transketolase is an important enzyme in the non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), a pathway responsible for generating reducing equivalents, which is essential for energy transduction and for generating ribose for nucleic acid synthesis. Transketolase also links the PPP to glycolysis, allowing a cell to adapt to a variety of energy needs, depending on its environment. Abnormal transketolase expression and/or activity have been implicated in a number of diseases where thiamin availability is low, including Wernicke-Korsakoff's Syndrome and alcoholism. Yet, the precise mechanism by which this enzyme is involved in the pathophysiology of these disorders remains controversial. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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