Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL ORGANS
Volume 35, Issue 12, Pages 1047-1060Publisher
WICHTIG EDITORE
DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000132
Keywords
Polyurethane; Vocal cord palsy; Cartilage tissue engineering; Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells; Chondrogenic differentiation
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Introduction: Chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has proven to be feasible. To compensate for laryngeal palsy or cartilage defects after surgery or trauma using tissue engineering, a formable and stable scaffold material is mandatory. Methods: ASCs were seeded in fibrin-polyurethane scaffolds and cultured in chondrogenic differentiation medium adding the growth factors TGF-beta 1, TGF-beta 3, and BMP-2 for up to 35 days. Results: Histological examination showed acid glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix in all groups. Immunofluorescence presented positive staining for collagen II, aggrecan, and SOX-9 in the TGF-beta 1-, TGF-beta 3-, and BMP-2-group. With Real-time PCR analyses, chondrogenic differentiation became apparent by the expression of the specific genes COL2A1 (collagen II), AGC 1 (aggrecan), and SOX-9, whereas collagen II expression was low in all groups compared to bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) due to reduced chondrogenic ability. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the general ability of ASCs to differentiate into matrix-producing chondrocytes in fibrin-polyurethane scaffolds. However, further experiments are necessary to enhance this chondrogenic potential of ASCs seeded in fibrin-polyurethane scaffolds in order to produce a suitable regeneration method for treating cartilage defects or an implantable medialization material for vocal cord palsy.
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