A set of multiplex PCRs for genotypic detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases, carbapenemases, plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases and OXA β-lactamases

Worldwide, resistance of Gram-negative micro-organisms to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems owing to beta-lactamases is an increasing problem. Although the CTX-M, TEM and SHV extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are most widely disseminated, other beta-lactamase families have also recently emerged, such as plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases and carbapenemases. Here we describe a new set of multiplex polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) with one amplification protocol enabling detection of 25 prevalent beta-lactamase families, including ESBLs, carbapenemases, plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases and OXA beta-lactamases. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.