Experimental study and modelling of tool temperature distribution in orthogonal cutting of AISI 316L and AISI 3115 steels

Cutting tool temperature distribution was mapped using the IR-CCD technique during machining of carbon steel AISI 3115 and stainless steel AISI 316L under orthogonal cutting conditions using flat-face geometry inserts. The effect of work material treatment on tool temperature was investigated, and the results showed that AISI 3115 in heat-treated state displayed higher tool temperature than the as-rolled state. Stainless steel 316L with high sulphur content (0.027 wt.%) and calcium treatment displayed lower cutting tool temperature than the variant with low sulphur (0.009 wt.%). The experimental results were compared with theoretical tool temperature distributions based on a modified version of Komanduri and Hou's analytical model. In particular, variable frictional heat source and secondary shear were introduced and modelling of the tool stress distribution on rake surface was also considered.