Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
Volume 43, Issue 12-13, Pages 1031-1046Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.07.007
Keywords
Clonorchis sinensis; Opisthorchis felineus; Opisthorchis viverrini; Zoonotic cycles; Human pathogens; Epidemiology
Categories
Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [PE1611/1-3]
- National Research Council of Thailand
- International Excellence Fund of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
- ASEAN-EU Year of Science, Technology and Innovation
- Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University
- Visiting International Professor Program
- Higher Education Research Promotion and office of the Higher Education Commission, Thailand, through health cluster (SHeP-GMS)
- Thailand Research Fund through the Basic Research Grant
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Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis felineus and Opisthorchis viverrini are the three most important liver flukes involved in human health, infecting more than 45 million people worldwide. Both C sinensis and O. viverrini, and possibly O. felineus, can induce human cholangiocarcinoma as well as inducing other hepatobiliary pathology. Although the life cycles of all three species are similar, only that of O. felineus in Europe remains predominantly zoonotic, while O. felineus in Asia and C sinensis have a stronger mixture of zoonotic and anthroponotic components in their life cycles. Opisthorchis viverrini from the Mekong area of southeastern Asia is predominantly anthroponotic. Here we discuss the comparative epidemiology of these three taxa comparing in detail the use of first, second and final animal hosts, and consider the potential role of humans in spreading these pathogens. In addition we discuss the genetic structure of all three species in relation to potentially cryptic species complexes. (C) 2013 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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