Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
Volume 43, Issue 6, Pages 417-425Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.02.001
Keywords
Leishmania; Trypanosoma; Plasmodium; Regulatory T cells; Alternatively activated macrophages; iNOS; Arginase 1
Categories
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [NHMRC 485807]
- James Cook University, Australia
- James Cook University Postgraduate Research Scholarship
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The immune response to the protozoan pathogens, Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp. and Plasmodium spp., has been studied extensively with particular focus on regulation of the immune response by immunological mechanisms. More specifically, in diseases caused by parasites, immunosuppression frequently prevents immunopathology that can injure the host. However, this allows a small number of parasites to evade the immune response and remain in the host after a clinical cure. The consequences can be chronic infections, which establish a zoonotic or anthroponotic reservoir. This review will highlight some of the identified regulatory mechanisms of the immune system that govern immune responses to parasitic diseases, in particular leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis and malaria, and discuss implications for the development of efficient vaccines against these diseases. (C) 2013 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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