Journal
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 11, Pages 729-737Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxs082
Keywords
NKT; CD1d; CD1c; ILT4; antigen presentation
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Funding
- UK Medical Research Council
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Innovative Research Group [81021003]
- NSFC [81172792]
- MRC [G0400720, G0600000, G0801508] Funding Source: UKRI
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Humans express four MHC-like CD1 molecules CD1a, b, c and d that are capable of presenting a wide variety of self or foreign lipid antigens to T cells. Much progress has been made in elucidating the function of CD1d-restricted NKT cells in both innate and adaptive immune responses. However, knowledge of the other CD1 molecules is less well defined in terms of lipid presentation and immune regulation. We have previously shown that immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT4) binds to CD1d and inhibits its recognition by NKT cells. In this study, we show that CD1c can also interact specifically with ILT4 with a higher affinity than that of CD1d. Furthermore, changes in CD1c expression seem to modulate CD1d function; up-regulation of CD1c enhances NKT recognition of CD1d and down-regulation reduces CD1d recognition. We propose that CD1c can act as a sink for the inhibitory receptor ILT4: when CD1c is up-regulated, ILT4 is recruited to CD1c, thus reducing the inhibitory effect of ILT4 on CD1d recognition. Consequently, CD1c could be a potential target for modulating NKT activity.
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