Journal
INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL
Volume 42, Issue 9, Pages 968-978Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02886.x
Keywords
lupus; hydroxychloroquine; survival; cardiovascular disease; retinopathy
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Funding
- University of Melbourne
- St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne Research Endowment Fund
- UCB Australia
- GSK Australia
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Due to multiple beneficial effects, including control of disease activity, reduction in cardiovascular events and improved survival, hydroxychloroquine is now recommended long-term for all patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. However, patients must be made aware of the possible risk of retinal toxicity and have eye examinations to monitor for this complication. As hydroxychloroquine becomes more widely used in systemic lupus erythematosus, physicians must also be aware of rare but serious adverse effects, including neuromyotoxicity and cardiotoxicity.
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