Journal
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 53, Issue -, Pages 66-72Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.07.008
Keywords
Auxin; Indole-3-acetic acid; Gall formation; Biosynthesis; Insect
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan [23658099]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23658099] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Insect galls are abnormal plant tissues induced by galling insects. The galls are used for food and habitation, and the phytohormone auxin, produced by the insects, may be involved in their formation. We found that the silkworm, a non-galling insect, also produces an active form of auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), by de nova synthesis from tryptophan (Trp). A detailed metabolic analysis of IAA using IAA synthetic enzymes from silkworms indicated an IAA biosynthetic pathway composed of a three-step conversion: Trp -> indole-3-acetaldoxime -> indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld) -> IAA, of which the first step is limiting IAA production. This pathway was shown to also operate in gall-inducing sawfiy. Screening of a chemical library identified two compounds that showed strong inhibitory activities on the conversion step IAAld IAA. The inhibitors can be efficiently used to demonstrate the importance of insect-synthesized auxin in gall formation in the future. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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