Journal
INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
Volume 26, Issue 9, Pages 545-553Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2014.925993
Keywords
Agglomerate size; boehmite nanoparticles; manufactured nanopowders; toxicity; ultrafine fraction
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Funding
- French Ministry of Industry
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Boehmite (gamma-AlOOH) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in a wide range of industrial applications. However, little is known about their potential toxicity. This study aimed at a better understanding of the relationship between the physico-chemical properties of these NPs and their in vitro biological activity. After an extensive physico-chemical characterization, the cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by a bulk industrial powder and its ultrafine fraction were assessed using RAW264.7 macrophages. Although the bulk powder did not trigger a significant biological activity, pro-inflammatory response was highly enhanced with the ultrafine fraction. This observation was confirmed with boehmite NPs synthesized at the laboratory scale, with well-defined and tightly controlled physico-chemical features: toxicity was increased when NPs were dispersed. In conclusion, the agglomerates size of boehmite NPs has a major impact on their toxicity, highlighting the need to study not only raw industrial powders containing NPs but also the ultrafine fractions representative of respirable particles.
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