Journal
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
Volume 20, Issue 12, Pages 2364-2378Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000142
Keywords
inflammatory bowel disease; ulcerative colitis; Crohn's disease; mast cell; tryptase; chymase
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [DK094971, AI059746]
- Harvard Digestive Diseases Center
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Mast cells (MCs) are tissue-resident immune cells that carry out protective roles against pathogens. In disease states, such as inflammatory bowel disease, these granulocytes release a diverse array of mediators that contribute to inflammatory processes. They also participate in wound repair and tissue remodeling. In this review, the composition of MCs and how their phenotypes can be altered during inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract is detailed. Animal and human clinical studies that have implicated the participation of MCs in inflammatory bowel disease are reviewed, including the contribution of the cell's mediators to clinical symptoms, stress-triggered inflammation, and fistula and strictures. Studies that have focused on negating the proinflammatory roles of MCs and their mediators in animal models suggest new targets for therapies for patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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