Journal
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
Volume 19, Issue 8, Pages 1725-1731Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1097/MIB.0b013e318281f2d3
Keywords
inflammatory bowel disease; twins; genetics; subclinical activity; nuclear factor-kappa B; myeloperoxidase; F-calprotectin
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Funding
- Bengt Ihre's foundation
- Nanna Svartz' foundation
- Orebro University Hospital Research Foundation
- Orebro County Research Foundation
- Swedish Foundation for Gastrointestinal research
- Swedish Research Council
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Background:The mechanisms behind increased fecal calprotectin (FC) in healthy relatives of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are unknown. Our aims were to explore if there is a subclinical inflammation with increased neutrophil activity in healthy twin siblings in discordant twin pairs with IBD and to assess the influence of genetics in this context.Methods:Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) and neutrophil activity, based on myeloperoxidase (MPO) and FC, were analyzed in healthy twin siblings in discordant twin pairs with IBD and compared with healthy controls. NF-B and MPO were assessed by immunohistochemistry and FC by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:In total, 33 of 34 healthy twin siblings were histologically normal. Increased NF-B was more often observed in healthy twin siblings in discordant twin pairs with Crohn's disease (13/18 [73%]) and with ulcerative colitis (12/16 [75%]) than in healthy controls (8/45 [18%]). MPO was more often increased in healthy twin siblings in discordant pairs with Crohn's disease (12/18 [67%]) than in healthy controls (11/45 [24%]) and FC more often in healthy twin siblings in discordant pairs with ulcerative colitis (14/21 [67%]) than in healthy controls (6/31 [19%]). Interestingly, the observed differences remained when healthy monozygotic and dizygotic twin siblings were analyzed separately.Conclusions:We observed increased NF-B, MPO, and FC in healthy twins in both monozygotic and dizygotic discordant pairs with IBD. These novel findings speak for an ongoing subclinical inflammation with increased neutrophil activity in healthy first-degree relatives.
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