Journal
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
Volume 32, Issue 3, Pages 627-633Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.07.018
Keywords
Cellulose whiskers; Bagasse; Nanocomposites; Natural rubber; Mechanical properties; Barrier properties; Biodegradability
Categories
Funding
- French Ministry of Foreign Affairs [18428NM]
- Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology [EGY-FR4-003]
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Cellulose whiskers were isolated from bleached sugar cane bagasse kraft pulp. The length of the isolated whiskers was in the range 84-102 nm while the width was in the range 4-12 nm. They were used as reinforcing elements in natural rubber (NR) matrix. The effect of whiskers loading on tensile properties, thermal properties, moisture sorption, water vapor permeation, and soil biodegradation was studied. Significant improvement of Young's modulus and tensile strength was observed as a result of addition of whiskers to the rubber matrix especially at high whiskers' loading. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed no change in the glass transition temperature (T-g) of the rubber matrix upon addition of cellulose whiskers but at softening of rubber, cellulose whiskers have reinforcing effect on the rubber. Presence of bagasse whiskers resulted in an increase in moisture sorption of rubber films up to 5% whiskers loading while at higher whiskers' loading the moisture sorption tended to decrease. Barrier properties to water vapor decreased on increasing cellulose whiskers up to 7.5% whiskers loadings then increased with further increase in whiskers loading. Presence of cellulose whiskers increased the rate of degradation of rubber in soil. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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