Differential expression of AdipoR1, IGFBP3, PPARγ and correlative genes during porcine preadipocyte differentiation

The procedure of preadipocyte differentiation to mature adipocytes is controlled by various transcription factors; these factors activate and regulate the fat formation genes through a series of complex steps. To investigate the time line of gene expression of several potential genes and make a observation, we isolated preadipocytes from subcutaneous adipose tissue of 2-d old piglets by collagenase digestion approach and extracted total RNA from the cells, then measured mRNA expression level of AdipoR1, IGFBP3, PPAR gamma, PPARGC1, FASN, FABP4, and C/EBP alpha at 10 different time points via real-time quantitative RT-PCR method. The results revealed that the expression of AdipoR1 and IGFBP3 was both upregulated to the maximum at 8 h, the expression of PPAR gamma, PPARGC1, FASN, FABP4, and C/EBP alpha was all upregulated to the maximum at 9 d, and these genes were in significant correlation. We present tentatively conclusions that, the gene expression of AdipoR1 and IGFBP3 is upregulated in the early stage of preadipocyte differentiation, and the gene PPAR gamma, PPARGC1, FASN, FABP4, and C/EBP alpha reached a high expression in the later period. The expression variation tendency of these genes suggests that they may influence on each other in a sort of way. However, the specific mechanism that AdipoR1, IGFBP3, PPAR gamma, and the related genes how to cooperate or interact with each other still remains to be further explored.