De novo Bone Regeneration in Human Extraction Sites Using Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2/ACS: A Clinical, Histomorphometric, Densitometric, and 3-Dimensional Cone-Beam Computerized Tomographic Scan Evaluation

Introduction:To preserve alveolar bone after extractions, it is important to graft socket sites to prevent bone loss from repair and remodeling.Objective:The objective of this case series was to assess the clinical, densitometric, and histomorphometric results from extraction sockets treated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2/ACS).Study Design:After extraction and socket debridement, INFUSE (rhBMP-2) on absorbable sponges was placed over each socket. After 4 months, 3-dimensional cone-beam computerized tomographic (CT) scans were taken. Trephined bone cores were taken as the first step in the implant site osteotomy and submitted for histomorphometric analysis.Results:Histomorphometric analysis showed a mean of 49.6% vital bone with a SD of 10.8%. CT scans showed mean density of 510.6 Hounsfield units.Conclusions:Use of INFUSE in socket preservation surgery results in adequate de novo bone formation to support ideal implant placement after 4 months.