Journal
IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 134, Issue 2, Pages 116-122Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03474.x
Keywords
HLA-C; HIV; MHC-I; -35SNP; KIR
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
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Recently, genome-wide association studies have identified the major histocompatibility complex class I protein HLA-C as an important molecule that affects HIV disease progression. The association between HLA-C and HIV disease outcome was originally determined through a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 35 kb upstream of the HLA-C locus. More recent work has focused on elucidating the functional significance of the 35 SNP, and several groups now have demonstrated HLA-C surface expression to be a key element in control of HIV viral load, with higher surface expression associating with slower disease progression. Most recently, control of HLA-C surface expression has been correlated with the presence of microRNA binding sites that affect HLA-C expression and control of HIV disease. This review highlights these results and explores the ways in which HLA-C surface expression could affect immune system function in the setting of HIV disease.
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