Journal
IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 128, Issue 3, Pages 311-323Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03173.x
Keywords
antibody responses; B cells; bacteria; Toll-like receptors; viruses
Categories
Funding
- Medical faculty of the University of Heidelberg
- Fritz-Bender-Stiftung
- German Research Foundation [DFG BE3841/2-1]
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P>Toll-like receptors (TLR) play a central role in the initiation of the innate immune response to pathogens. Upon recognition of molecular motifs specific for microbial molecules TLR mediate pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and enhance antigen presentation; in B cells they further promote expansion, class switch recombination and immunoglobulin secretion. As a result of their adjuvant properties, TLR ligands have become an integral component of antimicrobial vaccines. In spite of this, little is known of the direct effects of TLR engagement on B-lymphocyte function. The scope of this review is to outline the differences in TLR expression and reactivity in murine and human B-cell subsets and to provide an overview of the currently available literature. We will further discuss the possible roles of TLR in regulating B-cell effector functions and shaping antibody-mediated defence against microbial pathogens in vivo.
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