Journal
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
Volume 262, Issue 1, Pages 25-35Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/imr.12215
Keywords
monocytes; macrophages; cell differentiation; immune system ontogeny; lineage commitment
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Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institutes of Health [T32 CA 9547-27, K08AI106953]
- Physician-Scientist Training Program (PSTP) in the department of pathology and immunology at the Washington University School of Medicine
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Macrophages are versatile cells of the hematopoietic system that display remarkable functional diversity encompassing innate immune responses, tissue development, and tissue homeostasis. Macrophages are present in almost all tissues of the body and display distinct location-specific phenotypes and gene expression profiles. Recent studies also demonstrate distinct origins of tissue-resident macrophages. This emerging picture of ontological, functional, and phenotypic heterogeneity within tissue macrophages has altered our understanding of these cells, which play important roles in many human diseases. In this review, we discuss the different origins of tissue macrophages, the transcription factors regulating their development, and the mechanisms underlying their homeostasis at steady state.
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