Journal
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
Volume 252, Issue -, Pages 183-191Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/imr.12038
Keywords
Th1; Th2; Th9; Th17; Th22; follicular T-helper cells; regulatory T cells; transplantation rejection; transplantation tolerance
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81070073, 81273263]
- Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission of International Cooperation Projects [11410702000]
- Shanghai Municipal Program on Key Basic Research Project [11JC1410800, 801]
- 973 Program [2012CB526605]
- Key Disciplines Group Construction Project of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai [PKzxkq2010-01]
- Outstanding Leaders Training Program of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai [PKR2011-01]
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The identification of T-helper 9 (Th9), Th17, Th22 cells as distinct subsets of CD4(+) T cells has extended the Th1/Th2 paradigm in the adaptive immunity. In the past decade, many studies in animal models and clinical transplantation have demonstrated that interleukin-17 (IL-17) is involved in allograft rejection. It appears that Th17 cells together with Th1 and Th2 cells play an important role in mediating allograft rejection. Here, we summarize our current knowledge on the contribution of Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, and follicular T-helper (Tfh) cells in allograft rejection. We also discuss the regulation of CD4(+) T-cell subsets by CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the context of transplantation tolerance.
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