Journal
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
Volume 256, Issue 1, Pages 118-132Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/imr.12110
Keywords
immunological synapse; T-cell antigen receptor; actin; microtubules; vesicle traffic; HIV
Categories
Funding
- Agence National de Recherche sur le SIDA (ANRS)
- Agence National de Recherche [ANR-07-MIME-030, ANR-2011-Blanc-SVSE3-025]
- Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC)
- La Ligue Contre le Cancer
- Institut Pasteur [PTR-214]
- CNRS
- EMBO
- ANR
- Sidaction
- ANRS
- Institut Pasteur-Roux fellowship
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Immunological synapses are specialized cell-cell contacts formed between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells. They are induced upon antigen recognition and are crucial for T-cell activation and effector functions. The generation and function of immunological synapses depend on an active T-cell polarization process, which results from a finely orchestrated crosstalk between the antigen receptor signal transduction machinery, the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons, and controlled vesicle traffic. Although we understand how some of these particular events are regulated, we still lack knowledge on how these multiple cellular elements are harmonized to ensure appropriate T-cell responses. We discuss here our view on how T-cell receptor signal transduction initially commands cytoskeletal and vesicle traffic polarization, which in turn sets the immunological synapse molecular design that regulates T-cell activation. We also discuss how the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) hijacks some of these processes impairing immunological synapse generation and function.
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