Journal
IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH
Volume 52, Issue 3, Pages 284-293Publisher
HUMANA PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1007/s12026-012-8340-4
Keywords
Sterile inflammation; CD8 T cells; Memory; Antiviral response; XCL1
Categories
Funding
- Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale
- Universite de Lyon
- Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer
- Ligue Regionale de Lutte Contre le Cancer
- Departement du Rhone
- Fondation Innovations en Infectiologie
- Fonds Europeen de Developpement Regional
- Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale
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Besides the classically described subsets of memory CD8 T cells generated under infectious conditions, are T inflammatory memory cells generated under sterile priming conditions, such as sensitization to allergens. Although not fully differentiated as pathogen-induced memory cells, they display memory properties that distinguish them from naive CD8 T cells. Given these memory cells are generated in an antigen-specific context that is devoid of pathogen-derived danger signals and CD4 T cell help, we herein questioned whether they maintained their activation and differentiation potential, could be recruited in an immune response directed against a pathogen expressing their cognate antigen and further differentiate in fully competent secondary memory cells. We show that T inflammatory memory cells can indeed take part to the immune response triggered by a viral infection, differentiate into secondary effectors and further generate typical central memory CD8 T cells and effector memory CD8 T cells. Furthermore, the secondary memory cells they generate display a functional advantage over primary memory cells in their capacity to produce TNF-alpha and the XCL1 chemokine. These results suggest that cross-reactive stimulations and differentiation of cells directed against allergens or self into fully competent pathogen-induced memory cells might have incidences in inflammatory immuno-pathologies.
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