Journal
IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Volume 218, Issue 11, Pages 1354-1360Publisher
ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2013.06.009
Keywords
Apoptosis; Engulfment; Macrophages; Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase; Retinoic acid; Thymus
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The thymus provides the microenvironment in which thymocytes develop into mature T-cells, and interactions with thymic stromal cells are thought to provide the necessary signals for thymocyte maturation. Recognition of self-MHC by T-cells is a basic requirement for mature T-cell functions, and those thymocytes that do not recognize or respond too strongly to the peptide-loaded self-MHC molecules found in the thymus undergo apoptosis. As a result, 95% of the thymocytes produced will die and be subsequently cleared by macrophages. This review describes a complex crosstalk between developing thymocytes and engulfing macrophages which is mediated by retinoids produced by engulfing macrophages. The interaction results in the harmonization of the rate of cell death of dying double positive cells with their clearance and replacement, and in promotion of the differentiation of the selected cells in the thymus. (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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