Journal
IMMUNITY
Volume 29, Issue 1, Pages 90-100Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2008.04.022
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI033431-14, R01 AI033431, R01 AI033431-13, R01 AI033431-15, U19 AI 057229, R01 AI033431-11, R01 AI033431-12] Funding Source: Medline
- PHS HHS [A1 33431] Funding Source: Medline
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gamma delta T cells uniquely contribute to host immune defense, but how this is accomplished remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class I T10 and T22-specific gamma delta T cells in mice and found that encountering antigen in the thymus was neither required nor inhibitory for their development. But when triggered through the T cell receptor, ligand-naive lymphoid-gamma delta T cells produced IL-17, whereas ligand-experienced cells made IFN-gamma. Immediately after immunization, a large fraction of IL-17(+) gamma delta T cells were found in the draining lymph nodes days before the appearance of antigen-specific IL-17(+) alpha beta T cells. Thus, thymic selection determines the effector fate of gamma delta T cells rather than constrains their antigen specificities. The swift IL-17 response mounted by antigen-naive gamma delta T cells suggests a critical role for these cells at the onset of an acute inflammatory response to novel antigens.
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