Expeditious frequency control of solar photovoltaic/biogas/biodiesel generator based isolated renewable microgrid using grasshopper optimisation algorithm

This work endeavours to propose an approximate mathematical model of a community based renewable microgrid with solar photovoltaic, biogas and biodiesel generators including battery storage for load frequency studies. It becomes a great challenge to coordinate between generation and load demand of the microgrid as the renewable sources are highly unpredictable and nature dependent. To overcome this issue, the responses of the system are studied under different real-world scenarios of renewable source availabilities and load variations with a maiden approach towards optimising the controller gains using a recent grasshopper optimisation algorithm (GOA) for efficient frequency control. The frequency responses of proposed microgrid are compared with different conventional controllers and some popular optimisation algorithms using MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, proportional-integral-derivative controller with GOA is preferred for the case studies under four cases of source variations with step load perturbation and one case of simultaneous source and load variations. The results of all these five scenarios are found satisfactory in terms of frequency responses and reported in the work.