Journal
IET NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 8, Issue 2, Pages 59-76Publisher
INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2012.0028
Keywords
biochemistry; biomedical engineering; cadmium compounds; colloids; encapsulation; II-VI semiconductors; microorganisms; molecular biophysics; nanofabrication; organometallic compounds; proteins; semiconductor quantum dots; solubility; solvation; surfactants; toxicology; wide band gap semiconductors; nanomedicine; quantum dot nanotechnology; biological sciences; macromolecule imaging; macromolecule tracking; cell imaging; cell tracking; biological tissues; biomedical applications; biological applications; QD characteristics; heavy metal chalcogenide-based QD synthesis; organometallic method; precursors; organic surfactants; solvents; water solubilisation strategies; synthesised QDs; encapsulation; ligand exchange; aqueous synthesis technique; shortchain thiols; stabilising agents; microorganism utilization; controlled size QDs; QD shapes; QD chemical composition; QD functionality; biomolecule attachments; antibodies; oligonucleotides; biomolecular specific targeting; QD toxicity; CdSe; CdS; CdTe
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Quantum dots (QDs) are one of the first nanotechnologies to be integrated with the biological sciences that used for imaging or tracking macromolecules/cells in cell/tissue. Because of QDs are important in biomedical and biological applications, identify a variety of synthesis methods to produce QDs with different characteristics also is particularly important. Hence, in this review the authors discussed three methods for synthesis of heavy metal chalcogenide-based QDs for use in biomedical field: (i) Organometallic method for synthesis of QDs consists of three components: precursors, organic surfactants and solvents. The authors also discussed water-solubilisation strategies of synthesised QDs including encapsulation and ligand exchange. (ii) Aqueous synthesis technique using short-chain thiols as stabilising agents is a useful alternative to organometallic synthesis of CdSe, CdS and CdTe QDs. (iii) The third method discussed in this article for QDs synthesis involves the utilise of microorganisms to prepare QDs with controlled size, shape, chemical composition and functionality. The authors also discussed recently new methods for the synthesis of the appropriate QDs for use in biology. In addition, attachment of biomolecules such as antibodies, oligonucleotides on the surface of QDs for specific targeting and different opinions about toxicity of QD have been studied.
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