Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
Volume 64, Issue 7, Pages 3262-3268Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2014.2348791
Keywords
Channel estimation; differential modulation; multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO); spatial modulation (SM)
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61101079]
- National 973 Project [2013CB336700]
- Science Foundation for the Youth Scholar of the Ministry of Education of China [20110001120129]
- National Science Foundation [CNS-1129043, ECCS-1343210, CCF-1420575]
- National 863 Project [2014AA01A706]
- State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University [RCS2014K008]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys [1343210] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Spatial modulation (SM) is a newly emerging multiple-input-multiple-output technique that activates only a single antenna for transmission at any time instant and uses the index of the active antenna as an additional information-carrying mechanism. However, by its nature, SM decoding is coherent in that channel state information (CSI) is required at the receiver. In fact, coherent SM decoding can be very complex due to the heavily entangled channel estimation and symbol detection. In this correspondence, a differential SM scheme that completely bypasses any CSI at the transmitter or receiver, while preserving the single active transmit antenna property, is developed. The proposed scheme can be applied to any constant energy constellation such as phase-shift keying (PSK) and to systems with arbitrary numbers of transmit and receive antennas. Simulation results are presented under various system configurations. With the same spectral efficiency, the proposed scheme is capable of paying no more than 3 dB of signal-to-noise ratio penalty compared with coherent SM and outperforming the single-antenna differential PSK and differential space-time coding schemes.
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