Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING
Volume 23, Issue 3, Pages 423-428Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TSM.2010.2048586
Keywords
Accelerator measurement systems; ion implantation; semiconductor impurities; X-ray measurements
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Two orders of magnitude improvement have been accomplished in detection limit of areal density of impurity atoms introduced into semiconductor devices during ion implantation, for the evaluation of the crossing contamination. Impurity atom concentrations as low as 1 x 10(12)cm(-2) can be successfully detected using these new methods. The first point is the use of grazing incidence of 87 degrees of the probe beam for particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis, which lowers the detection limit to 1x10(13)cm(-2) for arsenic contaminants. The second point is the use of photo-resist covered Si wafers, which allows detection of As cross contamination at normal PIXE beam incidence to the order of 1x10(13)cm(-2) through the reduction of Si bremsstrahlung background in the X-ray spectra. The combination of both procedures lowers the detected As level to 1 x 10(12)cm(-2).
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