Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
Volume 19, Issue 3, Pages 307-316Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2011.2109399
Keywords
Biomedical electrodes; conductive polymers; neural prostheses
Categories
Funding
- National Academies Keck Futures Initiative
- Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation
- MARCO Microelectronics Advanced Research Corporation
- Army Research Office MURI [W911NF-06-1-0218]
- University of Michigan College of Engineering
- NSF [DMR 0802655]
- Michigan Universities Commercialization Initiative
- National Academy Keck Futures Initiative
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Cortical neural prostheses require chronically implanted small-area microelectrode arrays that simultaneously record and stimulate neural activity. It is necessary to develop new materials with low interface impedance and large charge transfer capacity for this application and we explore the use of conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) for the same. We subjected PEDOT coated electrodes to voltage cycling between -0.6 and 0.8 V, 24 h continuous biphasic stimulation at 3 mC/cm(2) and accelerated aging for four weeks. Characterization was performed using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and voltage transient measurements. We found that PEDOT coated electrodes showed a charge injection limit 15 times higher than Platinum Iridium (PtIr) electrodes and electroplated Iridium Oxide (IrOx) electrodes when using constant current stimulation at zero voltage bias. In vivo chronic testing of microelectrode arrays implanted in rat cortex revealed that PEDOT coated electrodes show higher signal-to-noise recordings and superior charge injection compared to PtIr electrodes.
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