Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOBIOSCIENCE
Volume 12, Issue 3, Pages 247-254Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2013.2257837
Keywords
Cell adhesion; endothelial cd 133+cells; gene expression; nanoscale mechanical stimulation; stochastic resonance
Funding
- BBSRC
- EPSRC
- STFC
- Royal Society of Edinburgh
- BBSRC [BB/G008868/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- EPSRC [EP/G048703/1, EP/K034898/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- STFC [Gravitational Waves, ST/J000361/1, ST/L502509/1, ST/L000938/1, PP/F001118/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/J000361/1, ST/L502509/1, PP/F001118/1, ST/L000938/1, Gravitational Waves, ST/L000938/1 Gravitational Waves] Funding Source: researchfish
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Nanometric movements of the substrate on which endothelial cells are growing, driven by periodic sinusoidal vibration from 1 Hz to 50 Hz applied by piezo actuators, upregulate endothelin-1 and Kruppel-like factor 2 expression, and increase cell adhesion. These movements are in the z (vertical) axis and ranges from 5 to 50 nm and are similar in vertical extent to protrusions from the cells themselves already reported in the literature. White noise vibrations do not to produce these effects. Vibrational sweeps, if suitably confined within a narrow frequency range, produce similar stimulatory effects but not at wider sweeps. These effects suggest that coherent vibration is crucial for driving these cellular responses. In addition to this, the applied stimulations are observed to be close to or below the random seismic noise of the surroundings, which may suggest stochastic resonance is being employed. The stimulations also interact with the effects of nanometric patterning of the substrates on cell adhesion and Kruppel-like factor 2 and endothelin-1 expression thus linking cell reactions to nanotopographically patterned surfaces with those to mechanical stimulation.
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