Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
Volume 33, Issue 7, Pages 1563-1572Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2014.2318175
Keywords
Joint activity and attenuation estimation; maximum likelihood; self-normalization; time-of-flight (TOF) positron emission tomography (PET)
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Funding
- K.U. Leuven [GOA/11/006]
- FWO [G027514N]
- Siemens Healthcare
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In positron emission tomography (PET), attenuation correction is typically done based on information obtained from transmission tomography. Recent studies show that time-of-flight (TOF) PET emission data allow joint estimation of activity and attenuation images. Mathematical analysis revealed that the joint estimation problem is determined up to a scale factor. In this work, we propose a maximum likelihood reconstruction algorithm that jointly estimates the activity image together with the sinogram of the attenuation factors. The algorithm is evaluated with 2-D and 3-D simulations as well as clinical TOF-PET measurements of a patient scan and compared to reference reconstructions. The robustness of the algorithm to possible imperfect scanner calibration is demonstrated with reconstructions of the patient scan ignoring the varying detector sensitivities.
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