Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
Volume 50, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2013.2292575
Keywords
Oxygen vacancy; room-temperature ferromagnetism; SnO2 nanowires; UV light irradiation
Funding
- CSIR, Government of India
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Nonferromagnetic SnO2 nanowires show ferromagnetism at room temperature, which is significantly enhanced upon irradiation by ultraviolet (UV) light of wavelength 365 nm. The structural characterizations on as-grown, UV-irradiated, and O-2-annealed samples show no measurable difference in X-ray diffraction profiles and field-emission scanning and transmission electron microscopy images. But optical absorption, photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal a significant effect of UV irradiation and establish a remarkable enhancement of O vacancies in SnO2 nanowires upon UV light irradiation, which diminishes after annealing in the presence of O-2 gas. The as-grown and O-2-annealed nanowires show weak ferromagnetism at room temperature, but the UV-irradiated nanowires show strong ferromagnetism. The origin of such ferromagnetism in pure (undoped) SnO2 is attributed to the presence of oxygen vacancies, which is tunable externally using UV irradiation.
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