The determination of surface charge on nitrogen-containing reduced graphene oxides and its application to adsorb molybdate

To speculate the performance of chemically reduced graphene oxide from different reductants, detailed investigation of chemical structures needs diverse characterizations. Surface charge, mainly resulting from surface functional groups, may provide a facile method to comprehensively predict performance on certain levels. Surface charge of hydrazine-reduced graphene oxide (HrGO) and p-phenylenediamine (p-PDA)-reduced graphene oxide (ArGO) was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The charge generation mechanism was further analysed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrical impedance spectroscopy was applied to investigate the effect of surface charge on the adsorptive properties. Furthermore, the experiments on MoO42- adsorbed by ArGO were carried out at different pH values. Results indicate that the surface charge on ArGO was more positive than that on HrGO, which is mainly due to protonation of amino group. MoO42- adsorption experiments indicate that relative positive charge made ArGO more efficient than HrGO to adsorb MoO42-. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.