Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
Volume 60, Issue 12, Pages 3913-3922Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TIM.2011.2138330
Keywords
Dielectric materials; energy measurement; microwave antennas; microwave imaging; propagation; reflection; time-domain analysis; time-domain measurements
Funding
- Spanish Interministerial Commission on Science and Technology (CICYT) [TEC2007-66698-C04-01, TEC2010-20841-C04-02, CONSOLIDER CSD2008-68]
- Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia through the FPU
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This paper presents a time-domain reflection electromagnetic analysis for nondestructive testing of the fiber dosage inside steel-fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC). With the fibers treated as electrical dipoles, the Maxwell-Garnett mixing rule for dielectric mixtures is used to obtain an estimation of the density of fibers in the composite material from the time-domain measurement of the effective permittivity of the sample. First, a numerical electromagnetic modeling of the fiber polarizability is performed using a Method-of-Moments-based code and a simple frequency-dependent polarizability is obtained. Second, a robust and novel relationship between the mean propagation delay and the total stored energy with the effective permittivity of the medium is obtained. A wideband measurement system based on a time-domain setup in a reflection arrangement is used for the analysis of SFRC test structures. The fiber dosage in the SFRC structures is reconstructed, showing good agreement with the expected dosage figures.
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