Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
Volume 59, Issue 11, Pages 2958-2967Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TIM.2010.2046361
Keywords
Debris flow; disaster monitoring; energy saving; radio communication; wireless sensors
Funding
- National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 97-2218-E-007-001]
- Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taiwan [96-EC-17-A-04-S1-044]
- Microsoft Research
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Debris flows carrying saturated solid materials in water flowing downslopes often cause severe damage to the lives and properties in their path. Close monitoring and early warning are imperative to save lives and reduce damage. Current debris-flow-monitoring systems usually install sensor equipment along the riverbanks and mountain slopes to detect debris flows and track their data. Unfortunately, most of this equipment indirectly collects data only from a distance. So far, there is no way to understand what is happening inside a debris flow and to collect its internal parameters, not to mention doing this in real time. To answer this challenge, this paper presents a novel multifunctional wireless sensor for monitoring debris flows. The core idea is to let these sensors drift with the debris flow, to collect flow information as they move along, and to wirelessly transmit the collected data to base stations in real time. The design of such a sensor needs to address many challenging issues, including cost, deployment efforts, long-term standby, and fast reaction. This paper addresses these issues and reports our evaluation results.
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