Journal
YEAR IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 1356, Issue -, Pages 80-89Publisher
BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12960
Keywords
Aire; mTEC; APS-1; autoimmunity
Categories
Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI097457] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK101622] Funding Source: Medline
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The autoimmune regulator (Aire) was initially identified as the gene causing multiorgan system autoimmunity in humans, and deletion of this gene in mice also resulted in organ-specific autoimmunity. Aire regulates the expression of tissue-specific antigens (TSAs) in medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs), which play a critical role in the negative selection of autoreactive T cells and the generation of regulatory T cells. More recently, the role of Aire in the development of mTECs have helped elucidate its ability to present the spectrum of TSAs needed to prevent autoimmunity. Molecular characterization of the functional domains of Aire has revealed multiple binding partners that assist Aire's function in altering gene transcription and chromatin remodeling. These recent advances have further highlighted the importance of Aire in central tolerance.
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