Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
Volume 60, Issue 1, Pages 280-290Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2011.2181135
Keywords
Contactless energy transfer (CET); frequency-shift keying (FSK) demodulator; phase-locked loop (PLL); power conversion efficiency; rectifier
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Funding
- National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC 100-2221-E-027-061]
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This paper proposes a new phase-locked-loop (PLL)-based inductive coupled contactless energy transfer (CET) analog frequency-shift keying (FSK) demodulator using a high-efficiency RF-to-dc rectifier for biomedical implanted devices. The analog FSK demodulator is composed of a modified CMOS three-stage rectifier, a voltage regulator, an FSK signal generator, and a PLL. The proposed modified single-stage rectifier with both positive and negative output voltages using a PMOS and an NMOS pass transistor, an inverter, and two capacitors has a small active area and can enhance the power conversion efficiency. The proposed RF-to-dc rectifier achieves an efficiency of 64% at 8.4 dBm. The power consumption of the demodulator is as low as 0.76 mW, and the active area is 0.084 mm(2). The analog FSK demodulator supports a data rate of 100 kb/s to 1 Mb/s. The chip was implemented in a Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.35-mu m double-poly quadruple-metal CMOS technology to verify the proposed CET circuit. Two figures of merit are provided to illustrate the advantages of the proposed architecture.
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