Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 60, Issue 10, Pages 2848-2857Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TBME.2013.2264879
Keywords
Depth profiling; epidermal electronics; hydration sensing; multiplexing; spatial mapping
Categories
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER46453, DE-FG02-07ER46471]
- National Security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship
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This paper presents a class of hydration monitor that uses ultrathin, stretchable sheets with arrays of embedded impedance sensors for precise measurement and spatially multiplexed mapping. The devices contain miniaturized capacitive electrodes arranged in amatrix format, capable of integration with skin in a conformal, intimate manner due to the overall skin-like physical properties. These epidermal systems noninvasively quantify regional variations in skin hydration, at uniform or variable skin depths. Experimental results demonstrate that the devices possess excellent uniformity, with favorable precision and accuracy. Theoretical models capture the underlying physics of the measurement and enable quantitative interpretation of the experimental results. These devices are appealing for applications ranging from skin care and dermatology, to cosmetology and health/wellness monitoring, with the additional potential for combined use with other classes of sensors for comprehensive, quantitative physiological assessment via the skin.
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