Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 57, Issue 5, Pages 1158-1166Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TBME.2009.2037491
Keywords
Discrete deformable model (DDM); dynamic programming; image segmentation; partial active shape model (PASM); prostate; transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)
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Funding
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 BC010655] Funding Source: Medline
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Automatic prostate segmentation in transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) images is highly desired in many clinical applications. However, robust and automated prostate segmentation is challenging due to the low SNR in TRUS and the missing boundaries in shadow areas caused by calcifications or hyperdense prostate tissues. This paper presents a novel method of utilizing a priori shapes estimated from partial contours for segmenting the prostate. The proposed method is able to automatically extract prostate boundary from 2-D TRUS images without user interaction for shape correction in shadow areas. During the segmentation process, missing boundaries in shadow areas are estimated by using a partial active shape model, which takes partial contours as input but returns a complete shape estimation. With this shape guidance, an optimal search is performed by a discrete deformable model to minimize an energy functional for image segmentation, which is achieved efficiently by using dynamic programming. The segmentation of an image is executed in a multiresolution fashion from coarse to fine for robustness and computational efficiency. Promising segmentation results were demonstrated on 301 TRUS images grabbed from 19 patients with the average mean absolute distance error of 2.01 mm +/- 1.02 mm.
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