Journal
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS
Volume 48, Issue 9, Pages 2203-2216Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2013.2266862
Keywords
Active charge balancing; adaptive rectifier; closed-loop supply control; head-mounted deep brain stimulation; implantable medical devices; inductive power transfer
Categories
Funding
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [0824199] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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A power-efficient wireless stimulating system for a head-mounted deep brain stimulator (DBS) is presented. A new adaptive rectifier generates a variable DC supply voltage from a constant AC power carrier utilizing phase control feedback, while achieving high AC-DC power conversion efficiency (PCE) through active synchronous switching. A current-controlled stimulator adopts closed-loop supply control to automatically adjust the stimulation compliance voltage by detecting stimulation site potentials through a voltage readout channel, and improve the stimulation efficiency. The stimulator also utilizes closed-loop active charge balancing to maintain the residual charge at each site within a safe limit, while receiving the stimulation parameters wirelessly from the amplitude-shift-keyed power carrier. A 4-ch wireless stimulating system prototype was fabricated in a 0.5-mu m 3M2P standard CMOS process, occupying 2.25 mm(2). With 5 V peak AC input at 2 MHz, the adaptive rectifier provides an adjustable DC output between 2.5 V and 4.6 V at 2.8 mA loading, resulting in measured PCE of 72 similar to 87%. The adaptive supply control increases the stimulation efficiency up to 30% higher than a fixed supply voltage to 58 similar to 68%. The prototype wireless stimulating system was verified in vitro.
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