Journal
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN SIGNAL PROCESSING
Volume 2, Issue 5, Pages 647-657Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2008.2005290
Keywords
Algorithms; computation time; diffraction; Fourier transforms; radio interferometry
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We consider a troublesome form of nonisoplanatism in synthesis radio telescopes: noncoplanar baselines. We present a novel interpretation of the noncoplanar baselines effect as being due to differential Fresnel diffraction in the neighborhood of the array antennas. We have developed a new algorithm to deal with this effect. Our new algorithm, which we call W-projection, has markedly superior performance compared to existing algorithms. At roughly equivalent levels of accuracy, W-projection can be up to an order of magnitude faster than the corresponding facet-based algorithms. Furthermore, the precision of result is not tightly coupled to computing time. W-projection has important consequences for the design and operation of the new generation of radio telescopes operating at centimeter and longer wavelengths.
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