Journal
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
Volume 20, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2013.2273411
Keywords
Cytochrome c oxidase; electronic excitation; mechanisms of low-power laser therapy; photobiomodulation; patch-clamp studies; pulsed radiation parameters; retrograde mitochondrial signaling
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Monochromatic (laser) and quasimonochromatic (LED) radiation in the red-to-near infrared optical region both in CW and pulsed modes is used to treat in a nondestructive fashion various soft-tissue and neurologic conditions. Cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme of mitochondrial respiratory chain, is considered as the photoacceptor. Themechanisms of photobiomodulation on cellular level are based on the electronic excitation of Cu-A and Cu-B chromophores in cytochrome c oxidase molecule. As the result, the redox status of cytochrome c oxidase molecule as well as its functional activity is modulated. The primary reactions in mitochondria switch on a set of secondary biochemical reactions (light-sensitive retrograde mitochondrial signaling) with endpoint as gene expression in the nucleus. Also, two specific topics are discussed and reviewed: patch-clamp studies in connection with optical stimulation of nerves and differences in CW and pulsed light action mechanisms when biological objects are irradiated.
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