Journal
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS
Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages 524-540Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/SURV.2011.092311.00031
Keywords
Green communication; energy efficient networks; efficiency metrics; microcells; picocells; femtocells; cognitive radio; cooperative relaying
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Alexander Graham Bell Canadian Graduate Scholarship
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Energy efficiency in cellular networks is a growing concern for cellular operators to not only maintain profitability, but also to reduce the overall environment effects. This emerging trend of achieving energy efficiency in cellular networks is motivating the standardization authorities and network operators to continuously explore future technologies in order to bring improvements in the entire network infrastructure. In this article, we present a brief survey of methods to improve the power efficiency of cellular networks, explore some research issues and challenges and suggest some techniques to enable an energy efficient or green cellular network. Since base stations consume a maximum portion of the total energy used in a cellular system, we will first provide a comprehensive survey on techniques to obtain energy savings in base stations. Next, we discuss how heterogenous network deployment based on micro, pico and femtocells can be used to achieve this goal. Since cognitive radio and cooperative relaying are undisputed future technologies in this regard, we propose a research vision to make these technologies more energy efficient. Lastly, we explore some broader perspectives in realizing a green cellular network technology.
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