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The Expanding Universe of Cohesin Functions: A New Genome Stability Caretaker Involved in Human Disease and Cancer

Journal

HUMAN MUTATION
Volume 31, Issue 6, Pages 623-630

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/humu.21252

Keywords

cohesin; genome instability; cancer; Cornelia de Lange syndrome; Roberts syndrome

Funding

  1. Istituto Toscano Tumori
  2. Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio delle Provincie Lombarde
  3. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR, RSTI.)

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Cohesin is responsible for sister chromatid cohesion, ensuring the correct chromosome segregation. Beyond this role, cohesin and regulatory cohesin genes seem to play a role in preserving genuine stability and gene transcription regulation. DNA damage is thought to be a major culprit for many human diseases, including cancer. Our present knowledge of the molecular basis underlying genome instability is extremely limited. Mutations in cohesin genes cause human diseases such as Cornelia de Lange syndrome and Roberts syndrome/Sc phocomelia, and all the cell lines derived from affected patients show genome instability. Cohesin mutations have also been identified in colorectal cancer. Here, we will discuss the human disorders caused by alterations of cohesin function, with emphasis on the emerging role of cohesin as a genome stability caretaker. Hum Mutat 31:623-630, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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