Journal
HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 75, Issue 1, Pages 29-33Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.09.018
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [8132082, 81272685, 31301151, 81172355]
- Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China [20101202110002]
- Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin [09JCZDJC17100, 11 JCZDJC18400]
- Major Anticancer Technologies R & D Program of Tianjin [12ZCDZSY16700]
- Project of Tianjin Educational Commission [20100123]
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IL-35 is a novel inhibitory cytokine that is mainly produced by regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and is required for Treg-mediated immunosuppression. However, the plasma levels of IL-35 in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have never been investigated. In this study, we found that plasma IL-35 levels more significantly increased in PDAC patients than in normal controls (134.53 +/- 92.45 pg/mL vs. 14.26 +/- 6.56 pg/mL). IL-35 mRNA levels were positively correlated with plasma IL-35 levels (EBI3, R = 0.925, p < 0.01; p35, R = 0.916, p < 0.01). Furthermore, IL-35 expression levels were associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.001) and late tumor stage (p = 0.002). For the resected patients, high IL-35 expression levels were associated with large tumor size (p < 0.01), higher TNM classification T staging (p < 0.05), and late tumor stage (p < 0.05). In conclusion, circulating IL-35 in PDAC patients significantly increased, suggesting that regulating the expression of IL-35 may provide a new possible target for the treatment of PDAC patients, especially for the resectable ones. (C) 2013 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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