Journal
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
Volume 31, Issue 3, Pages 424-437Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20876
Keywords
default-mode network; schizophrenia; connectivity; deactivation; independent component analysis; MRI
Funding
- Mind Research Network (from US Department of Energy) [DE-FG02-99ER62764]
- National Institutes of Health [1 R01 EB006841]
- Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence [P20 RR021938]
- NCRR Center on Neural Mechanisms of Schizophrenia
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Changes in the default mode network (DMN) have been linked to multiple neurological disorders including schizophrenia. The anticorrelated relationship the DMN shares with task-related networks permits the quantification of this network both during task (task-induced deactivations: TID) and during periods of passive mental activity (extended rest). However, the effects of different methodologies (TID vs. extended rest) for quantifying the DMN in the same clinical population are currently not well understood. Moreover, several different analytic techniques, including independent component analyses (ICA) and seed-based correlation analyses, exist for examining functional connectivity during extended resting states. The current study compared both methodologies and analytic techniques in a group of patients with schizophrenia (SP) and matched healthy controls. Results indicated that TID analyses, ICA, and seed-based correlation all consistently identified the midline (anterior and posterior cingulate gyrus) and lateral parietal cortex as core regions of the DMN, as well as more variable involvement of temporal lobe structures. In addition, SP exhibited increased deactivation during task, as well as decreased functional connectivity with frontal regions and increased connectivity with posterior and subcortical areas during periods of extended rest. The increased posterior and reduced anterior connectivity may partially explain some of the cognitive dysfunction and clinical symptoms that are frequently associated with schizophrenia. Hum Brain Mapp 31:424-437, 2010. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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