Journal
HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
Volume 19, Issue 6, Pages 1557-1575Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2012.723180
Keywords
pesticides; mixture toxicity; concentration-addition
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Funding
- Crop Life America
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A major difficulty in addressing chemical mixtures through legislation or regulations revolves around our limited understanding of their potential impacts. This review provides an overview of recent research on pesticide mixture toxicity to aquatic biota and the methods employed to predict toxic effects. The most common approaches are to assume concentration-addition or independent action of chemicals in a mixture. There are a number of cases in the literature of interactions between pesticides. However, models accounting for possible interactions between mixture components are used infrequently. Although results are limited, studies investigating the effects of pesticide mixtures have not demonstrated significant synergism at environmentally relevant concentrations. Based on the results of our review, we conclude that the concentration-addition model is a generally conservative and practical first-tier model for the ecological assessment of pesticide mixtures in aquatic systems.
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