Journal
HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
Volume 33, Issue 10, Pages 1017-1039Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0960327113515504
Keywords
Infertility; in vivo; oligozoospermic; pesticides; sperm quality
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This review comprehensively summarizes the effects of more than 15 mostly used pesticides on male reproductive physiology, as recent experimental and epidemiological research have indicated their alarming impact on overall human health. Mechanisms have described that pesticide exposure damages spermatozoa, alter Sertoli or Leydig cell function, both in vitro and in vivo and thus affects semen quality. But, the literature suggests a need for more intricate research in those pesticides that are defined as mutagens or carcinogens and directly affect the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis. This literature review also proposes specific solutions to overcome these health effects.
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