Journal
HOLOCENE
Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 71-77Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0959683608098953
Keywords
Ice rafted debris; Iceland; quartz; drift ice; Holocene; Arctic basin
Funding
- NSF [OPP 0326776, ATM-0502515, B997-347, MD99-2264, MD99-2269, OPP-0550109, 0612493, NSF-OPP-0629500]
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP)
- Directorate For Geosciences [0612493] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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An important indicator of Holocene climate change is provided by evidence for variations in the extent of drift ice. A proxy for drift ice in Iceland waters is provided by the presence of quartz. Quantitative x-ray diffraction analysis of the < 2 mm sediment fraction was undertaken on 16 cores from around Iceland. The quartz weight (wt.)% estimates from each core were integrated into 250-yr intervals between -0.05 and 11.7 cal. ka BP. Median quartz wt.% varied between 0.2 and 3.4 and maximum values ranged between 2.8 and 11.8 wt.%. High values were attained in the early Holocene and minimum values were reached 6 7 cal. ka BP. Quartz wt.% then rose steadily during the late Holocene. Our data exhibit no correlation with counts on haematite-stained quartz (HSQ) grains from VM129-191 west of Ireland casting doubt on the ice-transport origin. A pilot study on the provenance of Fe oxide grains in two cores that cover the last 1.3 and 6.1 cal. ka BP indicated a large fraction of the grains between I and 6 cal. ka BP were from either Icelandic or presently unsampled sources. However, there was a dramatic increase in Canadian and Russian sources from the Arctic Ocean similar to 1 cal. ka BP. These data may indicate the beginning of an Arctic Oscillation-like climate mode.
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