Journal
HEREDITY
Volume 113, Issue 6, Pages 514-525Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2014.56
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Funding
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage (ONCFS)
- Fonds Europe ens de Developpement Regional (FEDER)
- Guadeloupe National Park (PNG)
- Direction de l'Environnement, de l'Amenagement et du Logement de la Guadeloupe (DEAL) [971]
- Conseil Regional de Bourgogne
- Rotary Club de Bourgogne
- ERA-Net Net-Biome
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- Bird sampling has been done with permits from several organizations: PNG [Autorisation no10-11 11]
- DEAL [No113616*01]
- ONCFS [Autorisation No12010-001]
- Parc de la Valombreuse
- Parc de la Valombreuse, Department of Environment
- Ministry of Agriculture of Montserrat
- Forestry in Commonwealth of Dominica
- Forestry Department in Saint Lucia
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Mobile organisms are expected to show population differentiation only over fairly large geographical distances. However, there is growing evidence of discrepancy between dispersal potential and realized gene flow. Here we report an intriguing pattern of differentiation at a very small spatial scale in the forest thrush (Turdus lherminieri), a bird species endemic to the Lesser Antilles. Analysis of 331 individuals from 17 sampling sites distributed over three islands revealed a clear morphological and genetic differentiation between these islands isolated by 40-50 km. More surprisingly, we found that the phenotypic divergence between the two geographic zones of the island of Guadeloupe was associated with a very strong genetic differentiation (F-st from 0.073-0.153), making this pattern a remarkable case in birds given the very small spatial scale considered. Molecular data (mitochondrial control region sequences and microsatellite genotypes) suggest that this strong differentiation could have occurred in situ, although alternative hypotheses cannot be fully discarded. This study suggests that the ongoing habitat fragmentation, especially in tropical forests, may have a deeper impact than previously thought on avian populations.
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